Thereus

Thereus Hübner, [1819]

Thereus Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (5): 79; TS: Papilio lausus Cramer
Molus Hübner, [1819]
- = Thereus; [NL4A], 122
Noreena Johnson, MacPherson & Ingraham, 1986; Bull. Allyn Mus. 102: 2; TS: Noreena maria Johnson, MacPherson & Ingraham
- = Thereus; [NL4A], 122
Solanorum Johnson, 1992; Rep. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Wisc. (Stevens Point) 22 (2): 199; TS: Solanorum gentilii Johnson
- = Thereus; [NL4A], 122
Timokla Johnson, Kruse & Kroenlein, 1997
- = Thereus; [NL4A], 122
Pedusa D'Abrera, 2001; ; TS: Thecla pedusa Hewitson
- = Thereus; [NL4A], 122

Molus; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Molus (Section Eumaeus); Eliot, 1973, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 28 (6): 440
Noreena; [CoL] ; [NHM-BMW]
Pedusa; [NHM-BMW]
Solanorum; [NHM-BMW]
Thereus; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Thereus (Section Eumaeus); Eliot, 1973, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 28 (6): 440
Thereus (Section Thereus); [NL4A], 122
Timokla; [NHM-BMW]

Thereus cithonius (Godart, [1824])

Mexico, Guatemala, French Guiana, Surinam, Brazil(Pará, Rio de Janeiro), Argentina, Ecuador, Peru. See [maps]

Polyommatus cithonius Godart, [1824]; ; TL: French Guiana
Thecla comana Hewitson, 1867; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (3): 97, pl. 36, f. 86-87; TL: Amazon (Tapajos), [Brazil, Pará]
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Thecla lemona Hewitson, 1874; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (6): 177, pl. 69, f. 519-520; TL: Brazil
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Thecla peralta Möschler, 1883; ; TL: Surinam
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Thecla cambes Godman & Salvin, [1887]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 53, 3: pl. 54, f. 16-18; TL: Mexico, Veracruz; Guatemala
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Thecla syvix Dyar, 1916; ; TL: Mexico, Veracruz
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Noreena maria Johnson, MacPherson & Ingraham, 1986; Bull. Allyn Mus. 102: 2, f. d; TL: Argentina
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Contrafacia rindgei Johnson, 1989; ; TL: Mexico, Sonora
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Noreena luxuriosa Johnson, 1989; ; TL: Ecuador
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Noreena pritzkeri Johnson, 1989; ; TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Noreena galactica Johnson, 1989; (hyb.?); TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
- = ; [NL4A], #280
Noreena fracta Johnson, [1990]; ; TL: Peru
- = ; [NL4A], #280

Contrafacia rindgei; [CoL]
Noreena galactica; [CoL]
Noreena luxuriosa; [CoL]
Noreena maria; [CoL]
Noreena pritzkeri; [CoL]
Thecla cambes; [BOW]: pl. 68, f. 3 (text)
Thereus cithonius cambes;
Thereus cithonius; [NL4A], #280; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
Thereus comana;

419x440 (~30Kb) ♂ Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

Thereus sp.

Ecuador. See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #281

Thereus gabathana (Strand, 1918)

Colombia. See [maps]

Thecla gabathana Strand, 1918; ; TL: Colombia

Thereus gabathana; [NL4A], #282; [BOA]

Thereus molena (Jones, 1912)

Brazil (Paraná). See [maps]

Thecla molena Jones, 1912; ; TL: Brazil, Paraná

Thereus molena; [NL4A], #283; [BOA]

Thereus sp.

Brazil (Bahia). See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #284

Thereus guianivaga (Johnson, 1989)

Venezuela. See [maps]

Noreena guianivaga Johnson, 1989; ; TL: Venezuela

Noreena guianivaga; [CoL]
Thereus guianivaga; [NL4A], #285; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus sp.

Guatemala. See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #286

Thereus sp.

Panama. See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #287

Thereus lutzi (Huntington, 1932)

Panama. See [maps]

Thecla lutzi Huntington, 1932; ; TL: Panama

Thecla lutzi; [CoL]
Thereus lutzi; [NL4A], #288; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus caltha (Druce, 1907)

Brazil(Pará). See [maps]

Thecla caltha Druce, 1907; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1907 (3): 591, pl. 34, f. 19; TL: "Santarem, Amazons" [Brazil, Pará]

Thecla caltha; [CoL]
Thereus caltha; [NL4A], #289; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

?Thereus enenia (Hewitson, 1867)

Thecla enenia Hewitson, 1867; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (3): 108, pl. 41, f. 146-147

Thecla enenia; [CoL]
Thereus enenia; [NL4A], #290 (?); [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

?Thereus sp.

Panama. See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #291

Thereus sp.

Panama. See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #293

Thereus ortalus (Godman & Salvin, [1887])

Mexico, Brazil(Rio de Janeiro), ...?. See [maps]

Thecla ortalus Godman & Salvin, [1887]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 52, 3: pl. 54, f. 14-15; TL: Mexico, Cordova [Veracruz]
Thecla ortaloides Lathy, 1930; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 78: 135; TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
- = ; [NL4A], #295

Thecla ortaloides; [CoL]
Thecla ortalus; [CoL]
Thereus ortalus; [NL4A], #295; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
ortaloides; Johnson, 1991, J. Lep. Soc. 45 (2): 148

Thereus sp.

Ecuador. See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #296

Thereus praxis (Godman & Salvin, [1887])

Panama, Colombia. See [maps]

Thecla praxis Godman & Salvin, [1887]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 52, 3: pl. 54, f. 12-13; TL: Panama,Colombia

Thecla praxis; [CoL]
Thereus praxis; [NL4A], #297; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus pedusa (Hewitson, 1867)

Brazil (Amazon), Guianas. See [maps]

Thecla pedusa Hewitson, 1867; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (3): 87, pl. 34, f. 60-61; TL: Brazil, Amazon

Pedusa pedusa; D'Abrera, 2001, The Concise Atlas of Butterflies of the World: ?
Thecla pedusa; [BOW]: pl. 69, f. 4; [CoL]
Thereus pedusa; Robbins, 1991, Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 498: 3; [NL4A], #298; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus lausus (Cramer, [1779])

Nicaragua - Amazon, Surinam. See [maps]

Papilio lausus Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 70, pl. 233, f. E; TL: Surinam
Papilio libanius Stoll, [1782]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (32-32): pl. 379, f. H, I; TL: Surinam
- = ; [NL4A], #299

Thecla lausus; Hewitson, 1867, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (3): 97; Godman & Salvin, [1887], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 54, 3: pl. 54, f. 23; [BOW]: pl. 68, f. 30
Thereus lausus; [NL4A], #299; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA]

441x430 (~27Kb) ♂ Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

Thereus timoclea (Hewitson, 1870)

Ecuador. See [maps]

Thecla timoclea Hewitson, 1870; Equat. Lepid. Buckley (4): 59; TL: Ecuador

Thecla timoclea; Hewitson, 1874, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (6): 164, pl. 64, f. 449-450; [CoL]
Thereus timoclea; [NL4A], #300; [BOA]

Thereus ismarus (Cramer, [1777])

Ecuador, ..., Brazil(Pará). See [maps]

Papilio ismarus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): pl. 176, f. E; TL: Ecuador
Thecla (Panthiades) mossi D'Abrera, 1995; ; TL: Brazil, Pará
- = ; [NL4A], #301

Thecla ismarus; Hewitson, 1869, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (4): 115; [CoL]
Thecla mossi; [CoL]
Thereus ismarus; [NL4A], #301; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA]

Thereus phalanthus (Stoll, [1780])

Surinam. See [maps]

Papilio phalanthus Stoll, [1780]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): pl. 333, f. C, D; TL: Surinam
- = Thereus ismarus; [NL4A], #301

Thecla phalanthus; Hewitson, 1869, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (4): 115; [CoL]
Thereus phalanthus; ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus genena (Hewitson, 1867)

Brazil(Pará). See [maps]

Thecla genena Hewitson, 1867; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (3): 111, pl. 44, f. 185-186; TL: Brazil, Pará

Thecla genena; [BOW]: pl. 68, f. 9 (text); [CoL]
Thereus genena; [NL4A], #302; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus tiasa (Hewitson, 1869)

French Guiana, Brazil(Amazonas). See [maps]

Thecla tiasa Hewitson, 1869; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (4): 122, pl. 48, f. 229-230; TL: Brazil
Thecla buris Druce, 1907; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1907 (3): 590, pl. 34, f. 18; TL: Brazil, Amazonas
- = ; [NL4A], #303

Thecla buris; [CoL]
Thecla tiasa; [BOW]: pl. 69, f. 33-34; [CoL]
Thereus tiasa; [NL4A], #303; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus sp.

Brazil(Amazonas). See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #304

Thereus endera (Hewitson, 1867)

Brazil(Amazonas), Colombia. See [maps]

Thecla endera Hewitson, 1867; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (3): 111, pl. 42, f. 156-157; TL: Brazil, Amazonas
Thecla thestia Hewitson, 1869; Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (4): 122, pl. 48, f. 231-232; TL: Brazil
- = ; [NL4A], #305
Strymon angulus Le Crom & Johnson, 1997; ; TL: Colombia
- = ; [NL4A], #305

Thecla endera; [CoL]
Thereus angulus; Robbins & Nicolay, 2002, J. Lepid. Soc. 55 (3): 95
Thereus endera; [NL4A], #305; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus columbicola (Strand, 1916)

Colombia. See [maps]

Thecla columbicola Strand, 1916; Lepidoptera Niepeltiana (2): 16, pl. 14, f. 27-28; TL: Colombia
Timokla laura Johnson, Kruse & Kroenlein, 1997; ; TL: "Brazil, Rio de Janeiro"
- = ; [NL4A], #306

Thereus columbicola; [NL4A], #306; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus eryssus (Herbst, 1800)

Surinam. See [maps]

Papilio eryssus Herbst, 1800; (repl. name); TL: Surinam
Papilio erix Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): pl. 82, f. B (preocc. Linnaeus, 1771); TL: Surinam
- = ; [NL4A], #307
Bithys tyrrhenus Hübner, [1819]; (repl. name); TL: Surinam
- = ; [NL4A], #307

Thecla erix; Hewitson, 1867, Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (3): 102, pl. 46, f. 203-204; [CoL]
Thereus eryssus; [NL4A], #307; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus illex (Schaus, 1902)

Colombia. See [maps]

Thecla illex Schaus, 1902; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 24 (1262): 419; TL: Colombia
Thecla cetra Draudt, 1920; ; TL: Colombia
- = ; [NL4A], #308

Thereus illex; [NL4A], #308; [CoL] ; [BOA]

Thereus sp.

Peru. See [maps]

Thereus ; Robbins, MS
Thereus sp.; [NL4A], #309

Thereus pseudarcula (Giacomelli, 1914)

Argentina. See [maps]

Thecla pseudarcula Giacomelli, 1914; ; TL: Argentina
Solanorum gentilii Johnson, 1992; Rep. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Wisc. (Stevens Point) 22 (2): 200, f. 232, (Appendix 3,B) ; TL: Argentina, Quimili, Santiage del Estero
- = ; [NL4A], #310

Thereus pseudarcula; [NL4A], #310; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

The oppia species-group

group Oppia (Thereus); Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015, ZooKeys 520: 114

Thereus orasus (Godman & Salvin, [1887])

Guatemala, Mexico. See [maps]

Thecla orasus Godman & Salvin, [1887]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 59, 3: pl. 55, f. 11-12; TL: Guatemala
Thecla echinita Schaus, 1902; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 24 (1262): 418; TL: Mexico, Veracruz
- = ; [NL4A], #294; Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015, ZooKeys 520: 126

Thecla echinita; [CoL]
Thecla orasus; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 718; [CoL]
Thereus (group oppia) orasus; Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015, ZooKeys 520: 115
Thereus orasus; [NL4A], #294; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus lomalarga Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015

Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador. See [maps]

Thereus (group oppia) lomalarga Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015; ZooKeys 520: 116; TL: Colombia, Valle de Cauca, Cali, Pance, Loma Larga, 1200m, 3°19'N/76°34'W

Thereus lomalarga; [iNaturalist]

Thereus oppia (Godman & Salvin, [1887])

Mexico. See [maps]

Thecla oppia Godman & Salvin, [1887]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 56, 3: pl. 55, f. 1-2; TL: Mexico, Veracruz

Thereus (group oppia) oppia; Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015, ZooKeys 520: 120
Thereus oppia; [NL4A], #292; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Thereus brocki Heredia & Busby, 2015

Ecuador, Colombia, Peru. See [maps]

Thereus (group oppia) brocki Heredia & Busby, 2015; ZooKeys 520: 123; TL: Ecuador, 25km NE of Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador

Thereus brocki; [iNaturalist]

Thereus wojtusiaki Bálint, 2006

Thereus wojtusiaki Bálint, 2006; Bol. Sci. Hist. Nat. Caldas 9: (278-294)

Thereus wojtusiaki; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

References:

[BCA] electronic
BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[BOA] Interactive Listing of American Butterflies
Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
[CoL] Catalogue of Life
Bánki, O., Roskov, Y., Döring, M., Ower, G., Hernández Robles, D. R., Plata Corredor, C. A., Stjernegaard Jeppesen, T., Örn, A., Vandepitte, L., Hobern, D., Schalk, P., DeWalt, R. E., Ma, K., Miller, J., Orrell, T., Aalbu, R., Abbott, J., Adlard, R., Aedo, C., et al. (2024). Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2024-03-26); https://doi.org/10.48580/dfz8d
[FLMNH] Florida Museum of Natural History
Bulletin of the Allyn Museum
[HBN] Francis Hemming, 1937
HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2
[JLS]
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles
[John Shuey]
e-mail: jshuey at tnc.org; Director of Conservation Science; Indiana Office of The Nature Conservancy; http://www.nature.org
[LAMAS-NEO] Gerardo Lamas
Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[LEPIFORUM]
Lepiforum; Bestimmung von Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und ihren Präimaginalstadien
[NHM-BMW] Natural History Museum
Butterflies and Moths of the World; Generic Names and their Type-species
[UWSP] University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point
Reports of UWSP Museum of Natural History
[ZOOKEYS]
[iNaturalist]
iNaturalist
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

Some related literature:

Bálint, 2006
Systematic and taxonomic notes on Neotropical hairstreak lycaenids in connection to genus Megathecla (Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini) Bol. Sci. Hist. Nat. Caldas 9: 278-294
Cramer, [1775]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): 1-132, pl. 1-84 (1775), (8): 133-155, pl. 85-96 (1776)
Cramer, [1777]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 1-152, pl. 97-192 (1777)
Cramer, [1779]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 1-104, pl. 193-252 (1779), (22): 105-128, pl. 253-264 ([1780]), (23-24): 129-176, pl. 265-288 (1780)
Druce, 1907
On Neotropical Lycaenidae, with Descriptions of New Species Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1907 (3) : 566-632, pl. 31-36
Eliot, 1973
The higher classification of the Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera): a tentative Arrangement Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 28 (6) : 373-505 (162fgs), pl. 1-6
Godman & Salvin, [1887]; Godman & Salvin, [1901]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-741 (?782), 3: pl. 1-112
Hewitson, 1867; Hewitson, 1869; Hewitson, 1874
Illustrations of diurnal Lepidoptera. Lycaenidae Ill. diurn. Lep. Lycaenidae (1): 1-36,37*, pl. 1-16 (1863), (2): 37-76, pl. 17-30 (1865), (3): 77-114, pl. 31-46 (1867), (4): 115-136,14a-h, pl. 47-54,3a-c, (Suppl.) 1-16, pl. 1-5 (1869), (5): 137-150,151*, pl. 55-59, (Suppl.) pl. 6 (1873), (6): 151-184,185*, pl. 60-73 (1874), (7): 185-208,209*, pl. 74-83 (1877), (8): 209-228, pl. 84-85,88-92, (Suppl.) 17-47, pl. 1a-b,3a-b,4a,5a-b,7-8 (1878)
Hewitson, 1870
Equatorial Lepidoptera collected by Mr Buckley Equat. Lepid. Buckley (1): 1-16, (2): 17-32, (3): 33-48, (4): 49-80 (1870), (5): 81-96 (1877)
Hübner, [1819]
Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])
Johnson, 1991
Types of neotropical Theclinae (Lycaenidae) in the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris J. Lep. Soc. 45 (2): 142-157
Johnson, 1992
Genera and species of the Neotropical "elfin"-like hairstreak butterflies Rep. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Wisc. (Stevens Point) 22 (1): 1-135, (2): 136-279 (241fgs)
Johnson, MacPherson & Ingraham, 1986
A new genus and species of Eumaeini (Theclinae) from western Argentina Bull. Allyn Mus. 102: 7pp
[NL4A]; Lamas, 2004
Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera
Lathy, 1930
Notes on South American Lycaenidae, with description of new species Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 78 : 133-137
[BOW]; Lewis, 1974
Butterflies of the World
Robbins, 1991
Evolution, comparative morphology, and identification of the eumaeine butterfly genus Rekoa Kaye (Lycaenidae: Theclinae) Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 498: i-iii, 1-64
Heredia & Busby in Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015; Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015
Male secondary sexual structures and the systematics of the Thereus oppia species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Eumaeini) ZooKeys 520 : 109-130
Robbins & Nicolay, 2002
An overview of Strymon Hübner (Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini) J. Lepid. Soc. 55 (3) : 85-100 (2001)
Schaus, 1902
Descriptions of New American Butterflies Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 24 (1262) : 383-460
Stoll, [1780]; Stoll, [1782]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 29-90, pl. 305-336 (1780), (29-31): 91-164, pl. 337-372 (1781), (32-32): 165-252, 1-29, pl. 373-400 (1782)
Strand, 1916
Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer und wenig bekannter Lepidoptera aus der Sammlung W. Niepelt Lepidoptera Niepeltiana (2) : 1-26, pl. 13-17

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